摘        要

    在全球范围内，湿地生态系统的退化非常严重，尽管在发达国家中湿地生态系统已经得到重视，有系统的研究并加以控制，但在发展中国家的情况则更趋恶化，河流、湖泊等水体退化、破坏严重。在国内，早年为了修复城市公园中受损的湿地生态系统，引进部分外来植物作为污水净化的主要材料，但这一举措加剧了湿地的退化和破坏。同时，由于国内对乡土植物及野生植物的开发利用不足，公园的植物景观相对单调，缺乏了当地的乡土地域特色。

本文对广州市市域范围内四种不同类型的城市公园进行了湿地乡土植物应用现状的初步调查研究和分析，结果表明，所调查的广州市城市公园湿地中，现有乡土植物118种，隶属于54科，101属，分别占总绿化植物的科、属、种的79%、68%、67%。广州城市公园湿地中的园林植物景观营造主要以季节性湿生、水生草本植物为主，木本植物应用稍缺；根据分析调查样地中所存在的问题归纳出三点城市公园湿地中的植物景观存在的问题：乡土植物景观多样性不足、城市公园湿地生态效益缺失和植物景观后续营建有待加强。提出深入挖掘乡土植物的应用及湿地木本植物资源的开发利用，提升植物景观的多样性及空间的层次性，加强植物养护管理，在秋冬季节对季节性草本湿地植物进行适当的收割清除等对策，以维护良好的湿地生态环境。

关键词：湿地    乡土植物    植物景观    广州城市公园

Application of Native Plants in Wetland of Guangzhou Urban Park

Chen Junyu

（College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China）

Abstract: Globally, the degradation of wetland ecosystems is very serious. In developed countries, wetland ecosystems have been paid attention to, systematically studied and controlled, but in developing countries, the situation is worsening, and water bodies such as rivers and lakes are degraded and destroyed seriously. In China, in order to repair damaged wetland ecosystems in urban cities, some exotic plants were introduced as the main materials for sewage purification, but this measure has intensified the degradation and destruction of wetlands. At the same time, due to the lack of development and utilization of native plants and wild plants in China, the plant landscape of the park is relatively monotonous and lacks the local land-based characteristics.This paper conducts preliminary investigation and analysis on the current status of wetland native plants in four different types of urban parks in Guangzhou. The results show that there are 118 native plants and 54 families, 101 genus respectively accounted for 79%, 68%, and 67% of the total green plants’ families, genus, and species, in the urban park wetland in Guangzhou. The landscape of garden plants in the wetland of Guangzhou City Park is mainly composed of seasonal herbaceous wet and aquatic plants, and the application of woody plants is lacking. According to the problems in the analysis of the sample plots, the plants in the three urban park wetlands are summarized. Problems in the landscape: insufficient landscape diversity of native plants, lack of ecological benefits of urban park wetlands and subsequent construction of plant landscapes need to be strengthened. It is proposed to dig deep into the application of native plants and the development and utilization of wetland woody plant resources, enhance the diversity of plant landscapes and spatial hierarchy, strengthen plant conservation management, and properly harvest and remove seasonal herbaceous wetland plants in autumn and winter. To maintain a good wetland ecological environment.

Key words: Wetland    Native plants    Plant landscape    Guangzhou urban park

        摘        要

    在全球范围内，湿地生态系统的退化非常严重，尽管在发达国家中湿地生态系统已经得到重视，有系统的研究并加以控制，但在发展中国家的情况则更趋恶化，河流、湖泊等水体退化、破坏严重。在国内，早年为了修复城市公园中受损的湿地生态系统，引进部分外来植物作为污水净化的主要材料，但这一举措加剧了湿地的退化和破坏。同时，由于国内对乡土植物及野生植物的开发利用不足，公园的植物景观相对单调，缺乏了当地的乡土地域特色。

本文对广州市市域范围内四种不同类型的城市公园进行了湿地乡土植物应用现状的初步调查研究和分析，结果表明，所调查的广州市城市公园湿地中，现有乡土植物118种，隶属于54科，101属，分别占总绿化植物的科、属、种的79%、68%、67%。广州城市公园湿地中的园林植物景观营造主要以季节性湿生、水生草本植物为主，木本植物应用稍缺；根据分析调查样地中所存在的问题归纳出三点城市公园湿地中的植物景观存在的问题：乡土植物景观多样性不足、城市公园湿地生态效益缺失和植物景观后续营建有待加强。提出深入挖掘乡土植物的应用及湿地木本植物资源的开发利用，提升植物景观的多样性及空间的层次性，加强植物养护管理，在秋冬季节对季节性草本湿地植物进行适当的收割清除等对策，以维护良好的湿地生态环境。

关键词：湿地    乡土植物    植物景观    广州城市公园

Application of Native Plants in Wetland of Guangzhou Urban Park

Chen Junyu

（College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China）

Abstract: Globally, the degradation of wetland ecosystems is very serious. In developed countries, wetland ecosystems have been paid attention to, systematically studied and controlled, but in developing countries, the situation is worsening, and water bodies such as rivers and lakes are degraded and destroyed seriously. In China, in order to repair damaged wetland ecosystems in urban cities, some exotic plants were introduced as the main materials for sewage purification, but this measure has intensified the degradation and destruction of wetlands. At the same time, due to the lack of development and utilization of native plants and wild plants in China, the plant landscape of the park is relatively monotonous and lacks the local land-based characteristics.This paper conducts preliminary investigation and analysis on the current status of wetland native plants in four different types of urban parks in Guangzhou. The results show that there are 118 native plants and 54 families, 101 genus respectively accounted for 79%, 68%, and 67% of the total green plants’ families, genus, and species, in the urban park wetland in Guangzhou. The landscape of garden plants in the wetland of Guangzhou City Park is mainly composed of seasonal herbaceous wet and aquatic plants, and the application of woody plants is lacking. According to the problems in the analysis of the sample plots, the plants in the three urban park wetlands are summarized. Problems in the landscape: insufficient landscape diversity of native plants, lack of ecological benefits of urban park wetlands and subsequent construction of plant landscapes need to be strengthened. It is proposed to dig deep into the application of native plants and the development and utilization of wetland woody plant resources, enhance the diversity of plant landscapes and spatial hierarchy, strengthen plant conservation management, and properly harvest and remove seasonal herbaceous wetland plants in autumn and winter. To maintain a good wetland ecological environment.

Key words: Wetland    Native plants    Plant landscape    Guangzhou urban park