摘要

       公园绿地作为作为现代城市最重要的绿化场所，是人们社会生活和精神文明的重要载体，是人们休息、活动回归自然的重要场所。芳香植物作为公园绿地植物种类的重要成分，其应用于公园绿地中不仅能实现绿化、美化、香化、净化环境的目的，而且芳香植物景观具有独特的意境美和深厚的园林艺术内涵。但我国城市公园绿地对芳香植物的应用主要集中体现在视觉效果上，而忽视了嗅觉、听觉上的感受。

       本文针对长沙市公园绿地芳香植物的应用进行了实地调查，主要包括：芳香植物种类、分类、花色、花期、香味来源、观赏效果等，及对五类公园绿地芳香植物的种类、配置方式等进行的详细分析。在理论研究和实地调研的基础上，分析结果如下:

       长沙市公园芳香植物的种类：长沙市公园绿地所用芳香植物共计112种。包括乔木48种，灌木34种，藤本植物7种，草本植物23种。其中常绿植物45种，落叶植物43种，一年生草本4种，二年生草本1种，多年生草本18种。

       长沙市公园绿地芳香植物的应用特点：①综合公园中拥有较多的大乔木和灌木芳香植物景观；②社区公园以乡土芳香植物为主；③专类公园芳香植物景观养护管理较好；④街旁绿地芳香植物种类及数量较少，养护管理较差；⑤带状公园的芳香植物种类较多，景观结构层次丰富。

       长沙市公园绿地芳香植物的景观特点：①常绿芳香植物景观丰富；②观花小乔木和灌木芳香植物景观丰富；③广泛应用的芳香植物种类较少；④芳香植物的作用发挥不足；⑤嗅觉景观的营建不够合理；⑥应用配置不合理；⑦养护管理不足。

       通过总结公园绿地芳香植物的应用存在的优缺点，并针对以上缺点提出合理的优化策略：①营造具有地域文化的芳香植物景观；②注重香味的合理搭配；③注重芳香植物与其他园林景观搭配；④加强嗅觉感官的园林景观建设地位；⑤注重芳香植物的生态习性；⑥重视垂直绿化；⑦加强芳香植物的养护管理。

关键词：公园绿地；芳香植物；植物配置；长沙市

Investigation on the application of Ornamental aromatic plants in Changsha City Parks and Greenbelts

Abstract：

     Park as the most important modern urban green places, is the important carrier of people's social life and the spiritual civilization, is an important place for city residents to return to nature, to have a rest and activities. Ornamental aromatic Plant as an important part of the plant species in the park, it not only can achieve the purpose of greening, landscaping, incense, cleaning up the environment and the landscape has a unique artistic conception of aromatic beauty and the deep meaning garden art. But urban park in China mainly concentrated on the application of Ornamental aromatic plants visually,ignoring the feelings of smelling and hearing.

      This article investigated on the application of Ornamental aromatic plants in Changsha City Park, Mainly including: Ornamental aromatic plant species,classifications, flower colors, flowering time, source of aroma, ornamental characteristics, and so on, and analyzed the types and configurations of Ornamental aromatic plants in five kinds ofparks in detail. Basing on the theoretical study and investigation, theresearch results showed as follows:

      Ornamental aromatic plants in the park of Changsha City: 112 kinds of ornamental aromatic plants in Changsha parks. Including trees 48 species, shrubs 34, 7 species of vines, 23 species of herbaceous plants. And including 45 species of evergreenplants, 43 species of deciduous plants, 4 species of annual herbs, 1 species ofbiennial herbs, 18 species of perennial herb.

      Application characteristics of aromatic plants in Changsha park:①There are many trees and shrubs ornamental aromatic plant landscape in Comprehensive parks;②Community park focus on the local ornamental aromatic plants;③the maintenance and management of ornamental aromatic plants in topic park is good;④Roadside Green Space’s ornamental aromatic plants pecies and quantities are few, poor maintenance management;⑤There are many species of ornamental aromatic plants,and the ornamental aromatic plant landscape of Belt-shaped Park is rich.

      Explored their advantages and disadvantages in the application of ornamental aromatic plants:①The evergreen ornamental aromatic plant landscapeis rich;②the small flower trees and shrubs of ornamental aromatic plants landscape is rich;③the widely applied aromatic Plants species areless;④native ornamental aromatic plants application has not been seriously paid attention to;⑤the smell landscape construction is not reasonable enough;⑥the application and configuration is improper;⑦the maintenance and management is inadequate.

     The article through summing up the advantages and disadvantages of the applicationof ornamental aromatic plants in parks, and put forward reasonable optimization strategies for the above shortcomings, Those including:①Build the ornamental aromatic plants landscape while embody regional culture;②Pay attention to the reasonable configurations of the ornamental aromatic plants’s fragrance;③Focus on the configuration of ornamental aromatic plants with the other landscape;④Strengthen the status of the sense of smell and feel in landscape construction;⑤Pay attentionto the ecological characteristics of ornamental aromatic plants;⑥Pay attentionto vertical greening of the ornamental aromatic plants;⑦Strengthening the maintenance and management of ornamental aromatic plants.

Key words：Park and Greenbelt; Ornamental aromatic Plant; Plantconfiguration; Changsha City

摘要

       公园绿地作为作为现代城市最重要的绿化场所，是人们社会生活和精神文明的重要载体，是人们休息、活动回归自然的重要场所。芳香植物作为公园绿地植物种类的重要成分，其应用于公园绿地中不仅能实现绿化、美化、香化、净化环境的目的，而且芳香植物景观具有独特的意境美和深厚的园林艺术内涵。但我国城市公园绿地对芳香植物的应用主要集中体现在视觉效果上，而忽视了嗅觉、听觉上的感受。

       本文针对长沙市公园绿地芳香植物的应用进行了实地调查，主要包括：芳香植物种类、分类、花色、花期、香味来源、观赏效果等，及对五类公园绿地芳香植物的种类、配置方式等进行的详细分析。在理论研究和实地调研的基础上，分析结果如下:

       长沙市公园芳香植物的种类：长沙市公园绿地所用芳香植物共计112种。包括乔木48种，灌木34种，藤本植物7种，草本植物23种。其中常绿植物45种，落叶植物43种，一年生草本4种，二年生草本1种，多年生草本18种。

       长沙市公园绿地芳香植物的应用特点：①综合公园中拥有较多的大乔木和灌木芳香植物景观；②社区公园以乡土芳香植物为主；③专类公园芳香植物景观养护管理较好；④街旁绿地芳香植物种类及数量较少，养护管理较差；⑤带状公园的芳香植物种类较多，景观结构层次丰富。

       长沙市公园绿地芳香植物的景观特点：①常绿芳香植物景观丰富；②观花小乔木和灌木芳香植物景观丰富；③广泛应用的芳香植物种类较少；④芳香植物的作用发挥不足；⑤嗅觉景观的营建不够合理；⑥应用配置不合理；⑦养护管理不足。

       通过总结公园绿地芳香植物的应用存在的优缺点，并针对以上缺点提出合理的优化策略：①营造具有地域文化的芳香植物景观；②注重香味的合理搭配；③注重芳香植物与其他园林景观搭配；④加强嗅觉感官的园林景观建设地位；⑤注重芳香植物的生态习性；⑥重视垂直绿化；⑦加强芳香植物的养护管理。

关键词：公园绿地；芳香植物；植物配置；长沙市

Investigation on the application of Ornamental aromatic plants in Changsha City Parks and Greenbelts

Abstract：

     Park as the most important modern urban green places, is the important carrier of people's social life and the spiritual civilization, is an important place for city residents to return to nature, to have a rest and activities. Ornamental aromatic Plant as an important part of the plant species in the park, it not only can achieve the purpose of greening, landscaping, incense, cleaning up the environment and the landscape has a unique artistic conception of aromatic beauty and the deep meaning garden art. But urban park in China mainly concentrated on the application of Ornamental aromatic plants visually,ignoring the feelings of smelling and hearing.

      This article investigated on the application of Ornamental aromatic plants in Changsha City Park, Mainly including: Ornamental aromatic plant species,classifications, flower colors, flowering time, source of aroma, ornamental characteristics, and so on, and analyzed the types and configurations of Ornamental aromatic plants in five kinds ofparks in detail. Basing on the theoretical study and investigation, theresearch results showed as follows:

      Ornamental aromatic plants in the park of Changsha City: 112 kinds of ornamental aromatic plants in Changsha parks. Including trees 48 species, shrubs 34, 7 species of vines, 23 species of herbaceous plants. And including 45 species of evergreenplants, 43 species of deciduous plants, 4 species of annual herbs, 1 species ofbiennial herbs, 18 species of perennial herb.

      Application characteristics of aromatic plants in Changsha park:①There are many trees and shrubs ornamental aromatic plant landscape in Comprehensive parks;②Community park focus on the local ornamental aromatic plants;③the maintenance and management of ornamental aromatic plants in topic park is good;④Roadside Green Space’s ornamental aromatic plants pecies and quantities are few, poor maintenance management;⑤There are many species of ornamental aromatic plants,and the ornamental aromatic plant landscape of Belt-shaped Park is rich.

      Explored their advantages and disadvantages in the application of ornamental aromatic plants:①The evergreen ornamental aromatic plant landscapeis rich;②the small flower trees and shrubs of ornamental aromatic plants landscape is rich;③the widely applied aromatic Plants species areless;④native ornamental aromatic plants application has not been seriously paid attention to;⑤the smell landscape construction is not reasonable enough;⑥the application and configuration is improper;⑦the maintenance and management is inadequate.

     The article through summing up the advantages and disadvantages of the applicationof ornamental aromatic plants in parks, and put forward reasonable optimization strategies for the above shortcomings, Those including:①Build the ornamental aromatic plants landscape while embody regional culture;②Pay attention to the reasonable configurations of the ornamental aromatic plants’s fragrance;③Focus on the configuration of ornamental aromatic plants with the other landscape;④Strengthen the status of the sense of smell and feel in landscape construction;⑤Pay attentionto the ecological characteristics of ornamental aromatic plants;⑥Pay attentionto vertical greening of the ornamental aromatic plants;⑦Strengthening the maintenance and management of ornamental aromatic plants.

Key words：Park and Greenbelt; Ornamental aromatic Plant; Plantconfiguration; Changsha City