2016“园冶杯”大学生论文国际竞赛

闽台古典园林之植物景观配置调查研究 Investigation and Study on Plant landscape in Fujian and Taiwan Garden

报 名 组 别： 硕       博                       报 名 序 号： STD082016M00014

摘  要

植物与建筑、山石、水体并称园林四大要素，是园林景观中的自然要素，也是最为灵动最具生气的元素之一。偏安一隅的闽台地区，因地理位置特殊性产生了传统、地缘、海洋碰撞交流的文化氛围，古典园林受其影响表现出不同于传统中式园林的多元特性，园林植物配置亦呈现出鲜明的景观特征和独特的文化内涵。研究闽台古典园林植物景观配置这一课题，无论是对闽台古典园林研究的填空补白，扩充完善基础性数据资料，或是对闽台古典园林的修复提供依据都具有重要意义。

    本文采用文献分析和实地调研相结合的方法进行研究。通过收集整理相关文献资料并对其梳理分析，实地走访调研现存保留较为完善的闽台古典园林，在此基础上选择最具代表性和研究意义的园林作为重点研究对象。   

    文章共五个部分，第一章是绪论，主要分析选题背景、研究意义、研究方法以及文章整体架构。第二章是历史概况和形成因素，主要从时间层面梳理闽台园林发展历史并分析闽台园林植物景观的形成原因。第三章、第四章是文章主体部分，从闽台古典园林植物景观的具体表现形式着手，具体分析配置原则及理念等。并进行案例研究，根据调研结果，进行数据分析，绘制园林现状植物配置平面图，归纳整理植物构成种类，进一步分析其配置方式，景观成效，植物文化以及植物景观特性等。第五章是结论，对闽台植物景观配置特点的梳理总结并提炼实际应用价值。

    通过比较闽台两地古典园林植物配置的共性与特性，梳理总结传统闽台园林植物景观的内在联系及其形成原因，提炼出：（1）以乡土树种为主的园林植物选材及树种构成（2）以常绿为特色的植物景观（3）重遮荫通风功能的植物功效性（4）自然点簇式为主的配置方式，立面结构层次简洁（5）享乐主义至上的商贾园林植物配置理念（6）商业化下的园林植物经济实用性（7）多元融合的植物文化等。

关键词：闽台；古典园林；植物配置；植物景观；

Abstract

    Plants, architecture, rocks and water are the four elements in a garden, with plants being the only natural element in garden landscape and one of the most vivid and most dynamic elements. The special location of Fujian and Taiwan makes their culture the collision of traditional, geographical, marine elements. The classical garden in Fujian and Taiwan is influenced by this special feature and demonstrates various differences from the traditional Chinese gardens; the arrangement of landscape garden plants also exhibit distinct characteristics and unique cultural connotations. Research on the plant landscape arrangement of classical gardens in Fujian and Taiwan is of extreme significance in that it helps fill the gap of the studies on Fujian and Taiwan classical gardens, expand and improve basic statistic data and materials, and provide evidence for the repair of the classical gardens in Fujian and Taiwan.

    In this paper, previous literature and field research are used as the research methodology. First, the researcher collects, sorts out and analyzes relevant literature; then, the researcher pays field visits to the existing nicely preserved classical gardens in Fujian and Taiwan and conducts some surveys. Then, the researcher chooses the most representative and research-worthy classical gardens as the key research topics.

This paper can be divided into five parts. The first chapter is introduction that mainly analyzes the background of the research topic, value of the research, the outline of this paper and the research methodology. Brief history and formative factors are explained in the second chapter that sorts out the history of Fujian and Taiwan gardens and the uniqueness of Fujian and Taiwan garden plant landscape caused by geographical factors from the time perspective. The third and fourth chapters are the main body of this paper, in which the researcher starts from analyzing the concrete forms of Fujian and Taiwan classical garden plant landscape, and then based on the survey results the researcher analyzes the data, draws the floor plan of current garden plants, and sums up different plant species and composition, as well as the plant arrangement, plant cultural connotation and so on. The fifth chapter is a summary that sorts out the characteristics of Fujian and Taiwan plant landscape.

Through the comparison between the universality and particularity of classical garden plant landscape arrangement in Fujian and Taiwan, this paper sorts out and summarizes the internal relations between traditional Fujian and Taiwan garden plant landscape and their formation reasons, as well as puts forward several conclusions: (1) native tree species have been chosen as the main garden plant species; (2) evergreen is the main feature of plant landscape; (3) emphasis has been put on shade and ventilation as the function of plants; (4) natural clustering is the main method of facade structure arrangement; (5) hedonism plays an extremely important role in business people’s concept of garden plant arrangement; (6) the economic practicality of garden plants has become extremely important under the background of commercialization; (7) emphasis has also been put on the multi-cultural amalgamation in terms of garden plants.

Key words: Fujian and Taiwan; classical gardens; arrangement methods; plant landscape

2016“园冶杯”大学生论文国际竞赛

闽台古典园林之植物景观配置调查研究 Investigation and Study on Plant landscape in Fujian and Taiwan Garden

报 名 组 别： 硕       博                       报 名 序 号： STD082016M00014

摘  要

植物与建筑、山石、水体并称园林四大要素，是园林景观中的自然要素，也是最为灵动最具生气的元素之一。偏安一隅的闽台地区，因地理位置特殊性产生了传统、地缘、海洋碰撞交流的文化氛围，古典园林受其影响表现出不同于传统中式园林的多元特性，园林植物配置亦呈现出鲜明的景观特征和独特的文化内涵。研究闽台古典园林植物景观配置这一课题，无论是对闽台古典园林研究的填空补白，扩充完善基础性数据资料，或是对闽台古典园林的修复提供依据都具有重要意义。

    本文采用文献分析和实地调研相结合的方法进行研究。通过收集整理相关文献资料并对其梳理分析，实地走访调研现存保留较为完善的闽台古典园林，在此基础上选择最具代表性和研究意义的园林作为重点研究对象。   

    文章共五个部分，第一章是绪论，主要分析选题背景、研究意义、研究方法以及文章整体架构。第二章是历史概况和形成因素，主要从时间层面梳理闽台园林发展历史并分析闽台园林植物景观的形成原因。第三章、第四章是文章主体部分，从闽台古典园林植物景观的具体表现形式着手，具体分析配置原则及理念等。并进行案例研究，根据调研结果，进行数据分析，绘制园林现状植物配置平面图，归纳整理植物构成种类，进一步分析其配置方式，景观成效，植物文化以及植物景观特性等。第五章是结论，对闽台植物景观配置特点的梳理总结并提炼实际应用价值。

    通过比较闽台两地古典园林植物配置的共性与特性，梳理总结传统闽台园林植物景观的内在联系及其形成原因，提炼出：（1）以乡土树种为主的园林植物选材及树种构成（2）以常绿为特色的植物景观（3）重遮荫通风功能的植物功效性（4）自然点簇式为主的配置方式，立面结构层次简洁（5）享乐主义至上的商贾园林植物配置理念（6）商业化下的园林植物经济实用性（7）多元融合的植物文化等。

关键词：闽台；古典园林；植物配置；植物景观；

Abstract

    Plants, architecture, rocks and water are the four elements in a garden, with plants being the only natural element in garden landscape and one of the most vivid and most dynamic elements. The special location of Fujian and Taiwan makes their culture the collision of traditional, geographical, marine elements. The classical garden in Fujian and Taiwan is influenced by this special feature and demonstrates various differences from the traditional Chinese gardens; the arrangement of landscape garden plants also exhibit distinct characteristics and unique cultural connotations. Research on the plant landscape arrangement of classical gardens in Fujian and Taiwan is of extreme significance in that it helps fill the gap of the studies on Fujian and Taiwan classical gardens, expand and improve basic statistic data and materials, and provide evidence for the repair of the classical gardens in Fujian and Taiwan.

    In this paper, previous literature and field research are used as the research methodology. First, the researcher collects, sorts out and analyzes relevant literature; then, the researcher pays field visits to the existing nicely preserved classical gardens in Fujian and Taiwan and conducts some surveys. Then, the researcher chooses the most representative and research-worthy classical gardens as the key research topics.

This paper can be divided into five parts. The first chapter is introduction that mainly analyzes the background of the research topic, value of the research, the outline of this paper and the research methodology. Brief history and formative factors are explained in the second chapter that sorts out the history of Fujian and Taiwan gardens and the uniqueness of Fujian and Taiwan garden plant landscape caused by geographical factors from the time perspective. The third and fourth chapters are the main body of this paper, in which the researcher starts from analyzing the concrete forms of Fujian and Taiwan classical garden plant landscape, and then based on the survey results the researcher analyzes the data, draws the floor plan of current garden plants, and sums up different plant species and composition, as well as the plant arrangement, plant cultural connotation and so on. The fifth chapter is a summary that sorts out the characteristics of Fujian and Taiwan plant landscape.

Through the comparison between the universality and particularity of classical garden plant landscape arrangement in Fujian and Taiwan, this paper sorts out and summarizes the internal relations between traditional Fujian and Taiwan garden plant landscape and their formation reasons, as well as puts forward several conclusions: (1) native tree species have been chosen as the main garden plant species; (2) evergreen is the main feature of plant landscape; (3) emphasis has been put on shade and ventilation as the function of plants; (4) natural clustering is the main method of facade structure arrangement; (5) hedonism plays an extremely important role in business people’s concept of garden plant arrangement; (6) the economic practicality of garden plants has become extremely important under the background of commercialization; (7) emphasis has also been put on the multi-cultural amalgamation in terms of garden plants.

Key words: Fujian and Taiwan; classical gardens; arrangement methods; plant landscape