摘要

泥炭是目前使用最多的花木基质，但对其过量的开采给泥炭湿地系统带来了严重破坏，限制泥炭使用的呼声也越来越大，因此利用园林废弃物进行基质化生产成为当今的热点。本研究以园林废弃物枯枝落叶为原料，分别添加EM菌、金宝贝I型复合菌剂、粗纤维降解菌三种外源微生物，研究其对发酵前后理化性质的影响，并利用元宝枫幼苗栽培试验加以验证。

研究结果表明：（1）添加EM菌和金宝贝I型复合菌剂的基质发酵效果相对较好，其中容重值均达到0.2 g•cm-3以上，有机质含量分别为4.25%、2.50%，速效磷含量分别为4.6mg/Kg、21.6mg/Kg。（2）栽培试验中，经EM菌发酵完成的基质上叶绿素合成较多，叶绿素a、b、(a+b)含量稍高于其他组处理，但差距大不。（3）利用金宝贝I型复合菌剂发酵完成的枯枝落叶与泥炭混合而成的代用基质上栽植的元宝枫幼苗，大部分生长指标优于其他处理的混合基质，其中株高绝对生长量增加了4.68cm，相对增长了46.57%，主根长平均增长了3.20cm，相对增加了39.51%。

关键词：枯枝落叶；菌剂；发酵基质；理化性质

Effects of Different Bacterial Agents on the Fermentation of Litter

ABSTRACT: Peat is currently the most widely used flower and wood substrate, but its excessive exploitation has caused serious damage to the peat wetland system, and the voice of restricting the use of peat is also growing, so using garden waste for matrix production has become a hot topic today. In this study, three exogenous microorganism, EM bacteria, gymboree type I compound bacteria agent and crude fiber degradation bacteria, were added to garden waste litter, which is regarded as raw materials, to study their influence on the physical and chemical properties before and after fermentation, and to verify with the cultivation experiment of Acer truncatum L.  Seedlings.

The results showed that : (1) The matrix fermentation effect of adding EM bacteria and gymboree type I complex bacteria agent was relatively good, in which the bulk density values reached more than 0.2 g•cm-3, the organic matter content was 4.25% and 2.50%, and the available phosphorus content was 4.6 mg/Kg and 21.6 mg/Kg, respectively. (2) In the cultivation test, the chlorophyll synthesis was more on the substrate prepared by EM fermentation, and the contents of chlorophyll a, b, (a+b) were slightly higher than other groups, but the differences were not large. (3) The seedlings of Acer truncatum L. Planted on the substitute substrate mixed with litter and peat mixed by gymboree type I compound bacteria agent, the growth index is better than other mixed substrates, and the absolute growth of plant height It increased by 4.68cm, a relative increase of 46.57%, and the main root length increased by 3.20cm on average, a relative increase of 39.51%.

Key words: Litter; Bacterial agent; Fermentation substrate; Physical and chemical properties

摘要

泥炭是目前使用最多的花木基质，但对其过量的开采给泥炭湿地系统带来了严重破坏，限制泥炭使用的呼声也越来越大，因此利用园林废弃物进行基质化生产成为当今的热点。本研究以园林废弃物枯枝落叶为原料，分别添加EM菌、金宝贝I型复合菌剂、粗纤维降解菌三种外源微生物，研究其对发酵前后理化性质的影响，并利用元宝枫幼苗栽培试验加以验证。

研究结果表明：（1）添加EM菌和金宝贝I型复合菌剂的基质发酵效果相对较好，其中容重值均达到0.2 g•cm-3以上，有机质含量分别为4.25%、2.50%，速效磷含量分别为4.6mg/Kg、21.6mg/Kg。（2）栽培试验中，经EM菌发酵完成的基质上叶绿素合成较多，叶绿素a、b、(a+b)含量稍高于其他组处理，但差距大不。（3）利用金宝贝I型复合菌剂发酵完成的枯枝落叶与泥炭混合而成的代用基质上栽植的元宝枫幼苗，大部分生长指标优于其他处理的混合基质，其中株高绝对生长量增加了4.68cm，相对增长了46.57%，主根长平均增长了3.20cm，相对增加了39.51%。

关键词：枯枝落叶；菌剂；发酵基质；理化性质

Effects of Different Bacterial Agents on the Fermentation of Litter

ABSTRACT: Peat is currently the most widely used flower and wood substrate, but its excessive exploitation has caused serious damage to the peat wetland system, and the voice of restricting the use of peat is also growing, so using garden waste for matrix production has become a hot topic today. In this study, three exogenous microorganism, EM bacteria, gymboree type I compound bacteria agent and crude fiber degradation bacteria, were added to garden waste litter, which is regarded as raw materials, to study their influence on the physical and chemical properties before and after fermentation, and to verify with the cultivation experiment of Acer truncatum L.  Seedlings.

The results showed that : (1) The matrix fermentation effect of adding EM bacteria and gymboree type I complex bacteria agent was relatively good, in which the bulk density values reached more than 0.2 g•cm-3, the organic matter content was 4.25% and 2.50%, and the available phosphorus content was 4.6 mg/Kg and 21.6 mg/Kg, respectively. (2) In the cultivation test, the chlorophyll synthesis was more on the substrate prepared by EM fermentation, and the contents of chlorophyll a, b, (a+b) were slightly higher than other groups, but the differences were not large. (3) The seedlings of Acer truncatum L. Planted on the substitute substrate mixed with litter and peat mixed by gymboree type I compound bacteria agent, the growth index is better than other mixed substrates, and the absolute growth of plant height It increased by 4.68cm, a relative increase of 46.57%, and the main root length increased by 3.20cm on average, a relative increase of 39.51%.

Key words: Litter; Bacterial agent; Fermentation substrate; Physical and chemical properties